The 1865 Two-Cent Piece, a relic of post-Civil War America, stands as a unique and fascinating piece for collectors. As the second year of issue for this short-lived denomination, the 1865 coin embodies significant historical value. This article delves into the details of the 1865 Two-Cent Piece, exploring its history, varieties, value, and tips for collectors.
Historical Background of 1865 Two-Cent Piece
The Two-Cent Piece was first struck in 1864 as a response to the nationwide coin shortage caused by the Civil War. This coin, minted only from 1864 to 1873, was the first to bear the motto “In God We Trust,” which later became a standard feature on U.S. coins.
The 1865 issue followed the success of the 1864 coin but was part of a declining series, with production numbers decreasing annually after the war ended.
Varieties of the 1865 Two-Cent Piece
One of the key attractions for collectors of the 1865 Two-Cent Piece is the existence of two major varieties: the Plain 5 and the Fancy 5. The Plain 5 features a straight, unembellished design, while the Fancy 5 has a more ornate crossbar on the numeral 5 in the date.
Although the Fancy 5 variety is slightly rarer, it does not command a significant premium over the Plain 5 in most grades.
Coin Specifications and Design
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| Year of Issue | 1865 |
| Denomination | Two Cents |
| Mintmark | None (Philadelphia Mint) |
| Mintage | 13,640,000 |
| Composition | 95% Copper, 5% Tin and Zinc |
| Weight | 6.22 grams |
| Diameter | 23 mm |
| Edge | Plain (smooth) |
| Designer | James Barton Longacre |
The design of the Two-Cent Piece is notable for its departure from typical U.S. coinage of the era. The obverse features a shield with a scroll bearing the motto “In God We Trust.” The reverse showcases a wreath encircling the denomination “2 CENTS” with “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” around the edge. This design reflects the strong national sentiment during the Civil War.
Collecting the 1865 Two-Cent Piece
The value of the 1865 Two-Cent Piece varies significantly based on its condition, color, and whether it is certified by grading organizations like PCGS or NGC. Common grades for this coin range from About Uncirculated (AU) to Mint State (MS). Prices can start from $15-$20 for lower circulated grades and can reach into the thousands for high-grade, Red (RD) specimens.
- Common Grades and Values:
- Circulated Grades (VG to XF): $15 to $85
- Mint State (MS60 to MS65): $200 to $500
- High Mint State (MS66 and above): $1,000 to $10,000+
Market Trends and Investment Potential
While the 1865 Two-Cent Piece is a staple of mid-19th century U.S. coinage, its market value has remained relatively stable. The scarcity of high-grade examples, particularly those with the Fancy 5 variety, makes it a desirable addition to any serious collection. Auction prices for top-graded coins can exceed $25,000, though these are exceptions rather than the rule.
FAQs
1. What is the significance of the 1865 Two-Cent Piece?
- The 1865 Two-Cent Piece was the first U.S. coin to feature the motto “In God We Trust,” which was adopted as a result of public sentiment during the Civil War.
2. What are the main varieties of the 1865 Two-Cent Piece?
- The two primary varieties are the Plain 5 and the Fancy 5, distinguished by the style of the numeral 5 in the date.
3. How much is a 1865 Two-Cent Piece worth?
- Values range from $15 for low-grade circulated coins to over $25,000 for high-grade, rare varieties.
4. Who designed the 1865 Two-Cent Piece?
- James Barton Longacre, the Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint, designed the Two-Cent Piece.
5. Where can I buy a 1865 Two-Cent Piece?
- These coins are available through coin dealers, auctions, and online marketplaces like eBay, often certified by PCGS or NGC.
Conclusion
The 1865 Two-Cent Piece offers a unique glimpse into a pivotal moment in American history. Its distinctive design, historical significance, and the existence of notable varieties make it a fascinating coin for collectors.
Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or a novice collector, the 1865 Two-Cent Piece is a worthy addition to any collection.
References
- CoinWeek (2024)-1865 Two-Cent Piece: A Collector’s Guide.
- Heritage Auctions (2023)-Auction results for 1865 Two-Cent Piece.
- PCGS (2024)-Population reports for the 1865 Two-Cent Piece.
- NGC (2023)-Varieties and grading for the 1865 Two-Cent Piece.
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