The Capped Bust Quarter, minted between 1815 and 1828, is a significant and highly collectible coin in U.S. numismatic history. Following the cessation of the Draped Bust Quarter in 1807, the U.S. Mint appointed engraver John Reich, a German immigrant, to create new coin designs.
Reich’s work led to the introduction of the Capped Bust design, which first appeared on the Half Dollar and Half Eagle in 1807, followed by the Quarter Eagle in 1808 and the Dime in 1809.
The Return of the Quarter Dollar
After a seven-year hiatus, the quarter dollar made its return in 1815, primarily due to a specific request from the Planter’s Bank of New Orleans. The Mint initially proposed substituting dimes for quarters but eventually proceeded to mint quarters using Reich’s design.
A fire at the Mint in January 1816 temporarily halted production, causing a gap in quarter production until it resumed in 1818. Quarters were then minted annually, except in 1826, until the end of the type in 1828.
Value of the Capped Bust Quarter
The value of the Capped Bust Quarter varies significantly depending on its condition and rarity. While prices for business strikes are moderate up to Extra Fine grades, they increase steadily and become quite high for Gem and finer specimens.
Certain varieties, such as the 1822 25C over 50C and the 1823/2 overdate, are particularly expensive and sought after. Proof coins, especially the rare original 1827/3, are extremely valuable.
Design Details
Obverse
The obverse features a robust Liberty wearing a mobcap, with the word “LIBERTY” displayed on a band. Liberty’s long hair flows down her back, and she is draped in a robe. Thirteen six-pointed stars surround the portrait, with the date centered at the bottom.
Reverse
The reverse shows an eagle with outstretched wings, clutching arrows and an olive branch. The legend “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” encircles the top, and the denomination “25 C.” is inscribed below the eagle. The motto “E PLURIBUS UNUM” is on a banner above the eagle’s head.
Capped Bust Quarter Specifications (1815-1828)
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Years of Issue | 1815-1828 |
| Mintage (Circulation) | High: 361,174 (1818); Low: 4,000 (1827, Proof only) |
| Mintage (Proof) | High: 30-40 (1827, estimated); Low: 5 (1823 and 1824) |
| Alloy | 89.24% silver, 10.76% copper |
| Weight | ±6.74 g |
| Diameter | ±27.00 mm |
| Edge | Reeded |
| Obverse Designer | John Reich |
| Reverse Designer | John Reich |
Conclusion
The Capped Bust Quarter (1815-1828) is a fascinating and valuable series for coin collectors, offering a range of varieties and conditions that can appeal to both novice and experienced numismatists. The historical significance and design excellence of these coins make them a worthwhile addition to any collection.
Reference
Information compiled from historical coin records and expert numismatic sources.
