In response to the imbalance between gold and silver values, Congress enacted the Act of February 21, 1853, which reduced the weight of America’s subsidiary silver coinage, including the Liberty Seated Quarter. The weight of the quarter was decreased from 103.125 grains (6.6 grams) to 96.000 grains (6.22 grams).
To distinguish these lighter quarters, the United States Mint introduced two new design elements: arrows on either side of the date and rays on the reverse. While the arrows had minimal impact on the durability of the dies, the rays significantly shortened their lifespan.
As a result, the rays were removed from the design in 1854. That year, the Philadelphia Mint produced 12,380,000 Liberty Seated Quarters, while the New Orleans Mint struck an additional 1.484 million.
Most of these coins were circulated to replace the heavier quarters that speculators had withdrawn from circulation, while millions were held in reserve. This surplus coinage was largely exhausted by 1855.
Design Details of the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter (With Arrows)
Obverse
The obverse features a full-length depiction of Liberty seated on a rock, draped in flowing robes, and looking back over her right shoulder. Liberty’s left arm holds a pole topped with a Liberty cap, while her right arm supports a Union shield inscribed with the word “LIBERTY.”
The date, flanked by arrowheads, is centered at the bottom of the coin. A partial circle of 13 six-pointed stars surrounds Liberty, with seven on the left, one between Liberty’s head and the cap, and five on the right.
Reverse
The reverse showcases a left-facing eagle with partially extended wings. The eagle grasps three arrows in its left claw and an olive branch in its right, with a Union shield over its chest.
The legend “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” forms an arc around the top two-thirds of the coin, while the denomination “QUAR. DOL.” is inscribed at the bottom.
Edge
The edge of the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter is reeded.
Coin Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Country | United States of America |
| Year of Issue | 1854 |
| Denomination | Quarter Dollar (25 Cents USD) |
| Mintmark | None (Philadelphia) |
| Mintage | 12,380,000 |
| Alloy | .900 Silver, .100 Copper |
| Weight | 6.22 g |
| Diameter | 24.30 mm |
| Edge | Reeded |
| Obverse Designer | Christian Gobrecht |
| Reverse Designer | Christian Gobrecht |
| Quality | Business Strike |
Conclusion
The 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter is a notable coin in American numismatics, distinguished by its transitional design with arrows flanking the date. This quarter reflects a significant period in U.S. coinage history when adjustments were made to account for the changing value of silver. Collectors prize this coin for both its historical importance and its intricate design, making it a valued addition to any collection.
FAQs
What makes the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter unique?
The 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter is unique due to its design changes, including arrows flanking the date, introduced to indicate a reduction in the coin’s weight.
Why were arrows added to the design of the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter?
Arrows were added to signify the reduced weight of the quarter, following the Act of February 21, 1853, which adjusted the weight of silver coins.
How many 1854 Liberty Seated Quarters were minted?
In 1854, the Philadelphia Mint produced 12,380,000 quarters, and the New Orleans Mint struck an additional 1.484 million.
What is the composition of the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter?
The quarter is composed of 90% silver and 10% copper, weighing 6.22 grams.
Who designed the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter?
The obverse and reverse of the 1854 Liberty Seated Quarter were designed by Christian Gobrecht.
Reference
This paraphrased content is based on information from trusted numismatic sources, including U.S. Mint historical records.
